Automatic lathe



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AUTOMATIC LATHE Original Filed March 15, 1941 1a Sheets-Sheet 8 Am-i117, 1945;

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' AUTOMATIC LATHE v Original Filed March 15, 1941 16 Sheets- Sheet 10 April 17, 19 15. N, HLOYD: "2,374,112

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A AUTOMATIC LATHE 2 0riginal Fi1ed March 15, 1941 16 Sheets-Sheet 15 Ill April 17,1945 n P. LLOYD 2,374,112

AUTOMATIC LATHE Original Filed March 15, 1941 16 Sheets Sheet 14 num- April 17, 1945; N. P. LLOYD AUTOMATIC LATHE- Orig inal Filed March 15, 1941 I6 Sheets-Sheet 15 April 17, 1945. N. P. LLOYD 2,374,112

Amou'rxc 1.1mm 1 Original Filed March 15, 1941 16 Sheds-Sheet 16 Fig. 3;

Patented Apr. 17, 1945 7 UNITED STATES" PATENT OFFICE Nicholas P. Lloyd, Wynnewood, Pa.

Original application March 15, 1941, Serial No. 383,634, now Patent No. 2,343,914, dated March 14, 1944. Divided and this applicationllay 28,, 1942, Serial No. 444,893 V Claims.

This application is a division of my application for patent filed March 15, 1941, Serial Number 383,634.

This invention relates to improvements in automatic lathes, and the invention resides in certain details of mechanism, structure, and assembly. hereinafter described, which are productive of a machine tool having in markeddegree the desirable characteristics of precisio flexibility, facility of adjustment. safety, and apacity for operation at high speeds.

In the attached'drawings:

Figure l is a'side elevational view of a lathe made in accordance with my invention;

Fig. 2 is a rear elevational view of the machine;

Fig. 3 is an enlarged side elevational view of the upper portion of the machine;

Fig. 4 isa top plan view of themachine;

Fig. 5 is a sectional view on the line 5-'-5, Fig. 1;

Fig. 6 is an enlargedjront' elevational view of the tool carrier;

Fig. 7 is a rear elevational and partial sectional view of the tool carrier;

I Fig. 23 is a sectional view on the line 23-21, Fig. 21; v

Fig; 24 is a fragmentary sectional view on the line 24-24, Fig. 23;

Fig. 25 is a sectional view on the line 25-25 4 Fig. 26 is a sectional view on the line 26?", Fig. 25;

Fig. 27 is a sectional view on the line 21-21, Fig. 25;

Fig. 28 is a detached view in perspective of one of the housing elements shown in Fig. 25;

Fig. 29 is a section on the line 29-29, Fig. 3;

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary side elevational view of a portion of the mechanism shown in Fig. 7;

Fig. 9 is a fragmentary sectional perspective view of the ,portion of the tool carrier mechanism shown in Fig. 8;

Fig. 10 is a fragmentary view in perspective illustrating details of the tool carrier;

Fig. 11 is a detached perspective view of one of the tool carrier elements; w

Fig. 12-is a vertical sectional view of the tool carrier taken on the line l2'l2, Fig. 6;

Fig. 13 is a detached sectional perspective view. illustrating details of the tool carrier-actuating mechanism;

- Fig. 14 is .a section on the line l4--l4, Fig. 13; Fig. l5-is a section on the line l5--l5, Fig. 6; Fig. 16 is a section on the line vI6i6, Fig. 6;- Fig. 17 is a section on the line li-I 1, Fig. 6; Fig. 18 is a sectional elevational view of the sliding work spindle;

Fig. 19 is a.fragmentary sectional perspective view of an element of. the sliding spindlemechanism;'

Fig. 20 is a view in perspective of another element of the slidingspindle mechanism;

Fig. 20a is a sectional view illustrating a modification of the spindle element illustrated in Fig. 20:

Fig. 21 is asectional view on the line 2l-'-2l,

Fig. is a section on the line 30-30, Fig. 29;

Fig. 31 is a view in perspective illustrating details of the portion of the mechanism. shown in 29;

Fig. 32 is a. fragmentary sectional view illustrating a modification of an element of the mechanism shown in Fig. 29;

Fig. 33 is a section on the line 33-33, Fig. 32;

Fig. 34 is a detached view in perspective of an element of the mechanism shown in Fig. 33;

Fig. 35 is a side elevational view illustrating details of the stock stand;

Fig. 36 is afragmentary sectional view illus- Fig. 40 is a sectional view on the line 40 -40,

Fig. 35; Fig. 41 is a detached view in perspective of on of the elements of the mechanism shown in Fig. 40; I

Fig. 421s a section on the line 42-42, Fig. 35, and

Fig. 43 is a section on the line 43-43, Fig. 42.

With reference to the drawings, the machine comprises a relatively fixed tool carrier i and a rotary work' spindle 2 which is mounted in a slide 3 for reciprocation with respect to the carrier i.

Bar stock designated-by the reference numeral 4 is supported on a stand 5, see Fig. 35, rearwardly of the slide 3, and passes through the spindle 2 to the tool carrier. The feeding of the stock is effected by action of the'sliding spindle 2, and the actuation of the spindle and of the slide 3,

and also of the tools in the carrier i, is eflected through the medium of a single actuating shaft 6, which as best shown in Fig. 3 extends longitudinally of and "at one side of the assembly.

in the frame I.

The frame 1 comprises a front plate I4,see Fig. 10, which has on the forward face thereof a plurality of dovetailed guides I5, l8 and 11, these guides convergingjin the direction of the collet I l. Slidably supported in each of. these guides is a slide I8, see Fig, 11, said slide having a dovetailed portion is at the back which fits the associated dovetailed guide, and at one end a pair of spaced bosses 2|, 2| having aligned openings. 22 and 23 respectively. At the opposite end, the

slide is provided with a transverse flange 24 which overhangs the dovetailed portion I9.- This flange forms a seat for the upper ends of coiled springs 25, 25 which are mounted in'mating recesses 26, 28 and 21,, 21 in the inner opposed faces of the slide l8 and its guide respectively and which exert pressure to resiliently support the slide in an elevated position in the guide. Mounted for rotationin the bosses 2! is madjusting screw 28. The screw has a'termlnal unthreaded portion 29 which fits into the relatively large aperture, 23 in one of the bosses 2|, andtoward the other end an unthreaded portion 8| of smaller diameter which fits the relatively small aperture 22 of the other boss. outwardly of the portion 3| is a threaded extension 32 of reduced diameter which receives a threaded collar 28, this collar being locked in place by a-set screw 34. The threaded extension 32 terminates in a polygonal end adapted for reception of a wrench whereby the screw may be turned in the supporting bosses. Byreason of the shoulder 38 at one side of the journal portion 8 I which shoulder abuts one face of the supporting boss, and the collar 33 which abuts the opposite face of the boss, the screw 28 is held against axial movement in the bosses. Preferably the collar 33 is provided with a scale 81, see Fig. 16, which provides an index of the angular position of the screw 28 in the bosses.

The screw passes through 'a correspondingly threaded aperture in a tool-supporting element 88, saidelement thereby being adjustable by rofree end of a lever 5|.

adjusted. As shown in Figs. 15 and 16, the element 38 has a longitudinal recess. for reception of the cutting tool 41, and the tool is clamped solidly in the recess by means of set screws 48.

It will be apparent that the foregoing arrangement provides for adjustment of the point of the tool in directions both axially and tangentially of the stock supported in 'the collet II. The device has another important characteristicre lating' to the clamping action of the bolt 42. when this bolt is tightened, it has the effect of compressing the threads of the tapped hole in element, 38 into the tapered spaces between the threads of the screw 28, thereby eliminating any freedom between these parts required for adjustment and maintaining the preliminary alignment 1 of the tool with respect to the axial movement of solidly in position preventing any displacement of the tool from vibrational or other causes.

The upper end of the element 88 is provided. with a cap plate 48 which forms a bearing for the This lever is supported on a pivot pin 52 carried by a bracket I58 secured to the rear of the frame I, see Figs. 7, 12 and 1-3. The lever projects through an opening 54 in the front plate I4, and carries at its forward end a micrometer adjusting screw designated generally nected through the medium of a link 88 and a shackle 6| with the lever II. The shackle is adjustably supported in a slot 62- which extends longitudinally of ,the lever BI, see Fig. 12, so that by adjustment of the shackle, the throw'of the lever 5| corresponding to any given movement,

of the lever 58 may be varied.

Rigidly secured to the pintleto of the lever 58 is an arm 63 which is connected through a rod 64 with one end of a lever 55, this lever being follower 61 which is adjustably secured in the lever, as illustrated in Fig. 13, and which bears against a cam 68 on the shaft 8. It will be noted tatlon of the screw 28 transversely between the bosses 2|, 2| of the. slide II. The slide l8 has in its outer face and immediatelyabove the bosses 2I a transverse dovetailed slot 38, and the associated element 38 has an opening-4i through which a bolt 42 extends into, the said slot 39. A rectangular dovetailed nut'43 fitted to the recess 38 receives the inner end of the bolt 42 whereby when this bolt is'tightened, the element 88 is clamped solidly to the slide I8 in adjusted positionbetweenthebosses2L2I.

[threaded through. the element 88 from the outer face at a point near the upper end thereof is an adjusting screw 44, the inner end of this screw, see Fig. 15, bearing against a hardened steel button 48 set into the outer face of the slide I 8; Through the medium of this screw 44, the angular position of the element 38 with respect to the axis of the screw is as a center may be that the rod 64 is connected to the lever 63 through the medium of a bearing 69, see Fig. 14, which provide for slight angular movement of the rod 64 transversely of the plane of the lever 63, while still maintaining a close connection between these elements.

It will be apparent that with the arrangement described above, the cam 68 in rotating will cause the lever ii to be drawn downwardly to thereby .advance the tool 41 toward the work, thi ad- I vance movement of the tool being effected by pressure exertedthrough the lever 5| upon the element 88, and through this element upon the slide I8. Retractive movements of the tool permitted by the cam' is are effected through the medium of the springs 28 which tend to move the slides II upwardly in their guides as previous- 1y described, these springs also functioning to hold the follower 81 flrmly-on the cam surface. It will be noted that the transmission elements op crate under tension in feeding the tool against the work.

As previously set forth, there are in the present instance three individual cutting tools mounted on the front plate l4 of the tool carrier I. These tools, which are identifiedin Fig. 6 by the reference' numerals 41, 4m and 41b, are operatively ments, are provided for actuating the tools 810 and "D from separate cams carried by theshaft 8. The actuating mechanism for the tool 81a is supported upon a bracket 88a, at the back of the frame. correspondingto the bracket 88 previously described, and a corresponding bracket 88b.constitutes the immediate support for the actuating mechanism for the tool 811). Theconnecting rod 880, which constitutes an element of the actuating mechanism for the tool "it and which corresponds to the connecting rod 88 of the actuating mechanism for the tool 81, is connected to a cam lever 85a carried by the shaft 88 ina position adjoining the cam lever 88, and this cam lever is operatively associated in the manner previously described with a cam 880. on the shaft 8. Similarly the connecting rod 88b forming an element of the actuating mechanism for the tool 81b is connected with a cam lever 88b which adjoins the cam lever 88 on the shaft 88, and the lever 88b is operatively associated, as previously described. with a cam 88b on the shaft 8, see Fig. 3. The actuations of the tools 81, 81a and 8'") are, therefore, entirely independent and under the control of the individual cams 88. 88a and 88b, which cams; however, are all carried by the shaft 8, and, therefore, move in positive synchronization.

Referring further to Fig. 3. it will be noted that each of the cams 88. 88a and 881; has an immediately adjoining companion cam designated respectively II, Na and 1Ib. These cams cams. that when the follower 81, the'extremity of which is offset. as best shown in Fig. 13, is turned through an angle of' 188, the follower will then be in a osition to engage the said compan on cam. Thus by adjusting the follower 81 through an angle of'188", the follower maybe head bolt 12, is a dovetailed transverse g'ude member 18, on opposite ends of which are supp rted sliding blocks. I8 and 15 respectively. a The blocks 18 and15 constitute sliding supports for cutting tools 18 and 11 respectively. At the inner end and at the top of the block I4 are two are so arranged with res ect to their companion Rotation of the screw 8I has the effect of adjusting the element 88 and the tool 18 in the block 18 axiallyof the workstoclr supported'in the collet II.

A similar support element 88 is mounted on an adjusting screw 88 in the block 18, and in this element is clamped the tool 11, by means of set screws 81. The element 88 is provided at its outer end with an adjusting screw 88, the lower end of which bears against a hardened steel insert 88 in the block 18. By adjusting the screw 88,'the element 88 and the-tool 11 may be adiusted .angularly about the axis of the screw 88 as a fulcrum in a plane normal to the longitudinal axis of the stock-supporting collet II. 'The element 88 also carries, a bolt 8|, the lower end of which isenga'ged by a. rectangular tapered nut" 82 slidably held in a transversely extending dovetailed recess 88 in the block 15, and by tightening the bolt 8I. the element 85 is clamped solidly-in adjusted position to the block 15. The element 88 is provided with an adjusting screw 88 corresponding to the adjusting screw 88 of the element 85, and is provided also with a clamping bolt 88 corresponding to the bolt. 8|. It will be noted that the adjusting and clamping means is the same as that previously described inv connection with the tools 81, 81a and 81b,and that the device s correspondingly effective to maintain the tools 18 and 11 solidly and immovably in adiusted position and in accurate alignment with respect to the axial movement of the stock.

In each end of the pivotally mounted guide bar 18 is a pair of recesse's'98, 88, and in each of these recesses is mounted a coiled spring 81. Each of the blocks 18 and I5 is provided with an end plate, 98 and 88 respectively, which plates overlie the ends of the recesses 98 and form a seat.

for the springs 81. By way of the end plates 98 and 88. the springs 81 exert resilient pressure tending to force the blocks I8 and I5 outwardly on he re pe tive ends of the uide bar 18.

' The guide bar 18 has'an extension I8I see Figs.

6 and 9. and this extension has bosses I82, I83 within which is supported an adjustable stop I88,

which by engagement with the end plate as limits the outward movement of the block 15 under the pressure of the springs 81. By means of the stop I88. the block 15 may be adjusted to bring the cutting edge of the tool I1 in desired propinquity to the stock-supporting collet I I and to the work supported in this collet. justing screw I88 is supported in lugs I88, I88

on the extension I8I. and the inner end of this screw bears against the end of a rod- I81 which is .slidably supported in a longitudinal bore I88 in The opposite end of the rod I81 engages one end of a lever I89 which is pivotally'supported on a bracket arm III secured to the end of the guide bar 18, and the opposite end of the lever I88 bears against a button H2 spaced bosses I8 and 19 which form bearin s for I ting tool 18 is clamped by means of set screws 88.

on. the end plate 98 of the block 18. The adjustlngscrew I88 thereby constitutes a stop limiting the outward movement of theiblock 18 under pressure of the springs 81, and constitutes a means whereby the tool 18, which is supported on "the block 14. may be adjusted relatively to the stock-supporting collet II.

' Secured to the uide bar 18 is a bracket II8 which carries on its projecting end acam follower H8. and this follower engages one or both of a pair of cams I I8 and I I8 secured to the shaft 8. see Fig. 3. Thus the cams, either individually or jointly, may operateto rock the guide bar I8 on its pivot 12, thereby bringing one oi other of A corresponding adthe cutting tools 16, 11, depending on the direction in which the said bar is tilted, into cutting engagement with the work stock supported, as

previously described, in the collet II. The cam follower I I4 is forcibly'resiliently-retained in en-' gagement with. the cam or cams I I 5, I I6 by means of a spring II1 which is mounted in a telescopic link II8, one end of which is'pivotally supported on a bracket I I9, see Figs. 1 and 2, secured to the main frame of the machine, and the other end of which is pivotally secured at I2I to an arm I22 depending from the guide bar 13. At theback, of the'guide bar 13 is a projecting pin I23 which extends into the space between a pair of bosses I24, I24 on the tool carrier'frame 1-.- Each of the bosses I24 carries an adjusting screw I25, and these screws constitute stops limitingthe extent of the tilting of the guide bar 13.

From the foregoing description, it will be apparent that the cutting tools, either singlypr in various combinations, may be brought into cutting relation to the work stock supported in the collet II, the actuation of thecutting tools being controlled by a plurality of cams carried by the common shaft 6. It will be apparent also that provision is made for accurately adjusting the individual cutting tools axially of the'stock and also in :planes normal to the longitudinalaxis of the stock. The construction provides for elimination of all play between the cutting tools and the actuating cams, and maintenance of the tools in extremely accurate adjustment.

The work spindle As previously set forth, the rotary spindle 2 is mounted in a slide 3 for longitudinal reciprocation with respect to the tool carrier I. The slide 3 is in the form of a housing, the base member I26 of which is supported for sliding movement circumferential T-slots I51, I51. In each of these.

self comprises an outer tubular member I29, to V which is secured, as illustrated in Figs. 18 and 19, a pulley I3 I by means of which pulley the spindle is rotated, as hereinafter described. Pivotally secured at I32 within the pulley member I3I is a pair of levers I33, these levers extending through slots I34 in the tubular member I29 for operative engagement with one end of an inner sleeve I35 slidably supported within the mem- "ber I29. The levers I33 are actuated about the pivots I32 by means of a sleeve I36 slidably mounted on the spindle member I29, this sleeve being in turn actuated through a forked lever I31.

The lever I31 is pivotally supported at I38 in a casing I39 secured to the side of the housing I26, as best shown in Fig. 21. The bifurcations of the lever I31 carry plus "I which engage a collar I42 secured to the sleeve I36 through the medium of an anti-friction bearing-I43.

The enlargedextremity I44 of the sleeve I35 is adapted for camming engagement at I45 with the resilient jaws of a collet I46, this collet being mounted within the enlarged end I44 of the sleeve I35, and being confined within the spindle member' I29 by a'fianged collar I41 threaded on the end of the latter. A spring I48 is confined between the inner end of the collet I46 and a shoulder I49 in the sleeve I35, and exerts pressure tending to retain the collet in advanced position position shown in Fig. 18, the said sleeve has a caanming action on the proximate ehds of the levers I33, forcing the said ends outwardly and causing the levers to shift the sleeve I35 to the left, thereby flexing the jaws of the collet I46 inwardly. Movement of the sleeve I36 to the left, as viewed in Fig. 18, releases the pressure on the levers I33 and permits the spring I48 to shift the-sleeve I35 to the right, thereby releasing the jaws of the collet I46 and permitting-them to expand. The spring I48 also functions, as previously described, to maintain the collet I46 in the normal advanced position bearing against the flange of the collar I41. The collet I46 is shown in'Fig, 20. If desired, the jaws of the collet may be provided with wear resistant inserts I5I, as shown i Fig. 201: composed, for example of cemented carbide or other relatively hard material. Such inserts will preferably be provided also in the jaws of the collet II- previously described.

The housing I26 of the slide 3 is provided with a. bracket extension I52, seeJSigs. 3 and 4, in which is journaled, at I53, one end of an elongated gear I54, the other end of this gear bein journaled in the casing I39. Fixed to the shaft I55 of the gear I54 within the casing I39, see Fig. 22, is a cylinder I56, said cylinder having therein slots adjustably secured a-cam, I58 and I59 respectively, and it is these cams rotating with the cylinder'l56 which actuate the lever I31 to shift the sleeve I36. I

Pivotally supported upon a pin I6I 'in the lower end of the casing I39 is a lever I62. The upper bifurcated end of this lever, see Fig. 22, embraces the lever I31, and the bifurcations I63, I63 carry hardened set screws I64 which engage the opposite sides of the lever I31. Pivotally supported upon pins I65 and I66 at opposite sides of the pin I6I are levers I61 and I68. Each of these levers carries a spring-pressed pin, I69 and HI respectively, which are arrangedfor eng ement with bosses I13 and I14 are also adapted for contact with the opposite faces of the plug I12, as hereinafter described.

Each of the levers I61 and I68 also carries a pin, I11 and I18 respectively, these pins being supported on anti-friction bearings and projecting into the paths of the cams I58 and I59. The cams are so formedand are so relatively positioned on the cylinder I55 that as the cylinder rotates, the cams function by contact with the pins I11 and. I18 toactuate the levers I81 and I68 in timed relation effecting a periodic oscillation of the lever I62. In each case, as the levers I61 and I68 advance toward the lever I62, the initial contact occurs between the pins I69 and HI and the plug I12'of the last-named lever. As a result. the said pin is forced back into its housing, and

the housing itself, I13 or I14 as the case may be, I 

